The Computing newsdesk's views on the latest issues in UK business technology The Computing newsdesk's views on the latest issues in UK business technology The Computing newsdesk's views on the latest issues in UK business technology

Thursday, 02 July 2009

Digital Britain? In your dreams

Ever wondered why you dream? There’s no shortage of theories out there, from Sigmund Freud’s view that dreams are disguised fulfilments of repressed wishes, to one that views dreams as a test drive for new ideas, and another that thinks dreaming is just the brain cleaning up mental clutter ready for the dawn of a new day.

Taking Freud’s wish-fulfilment view, how many out there are dreaming of a UK-wide optical fibre-based network? Not many, I suspect, especially after the publication last week of Lord Carter’s Digital Britain report.

The thing that really gets steam coming out of my ears, is Gordon Brown’s speeches on how important all this is to the UK economy. Comments such as: “We can’t leave this to chance,” and: “The UK will become the digital capital of the world,” would seem to suggest that he understands how important this is to UK plc. The government’s actions fail to match such rhetoric.

Which other country still has an agency ­ a Valuation Office Agency, to be precise ­ that considers optical fibre in the ground as a taxable asset? In fact, the tax only applies when the fibre has data going through it, and it gets worse, because the rating system favours large carriers with large numbers of fibre connections. For small carriers rolling out a few fibres, the charges are harder to swallow.

There is simply no financial incentive for these smaller ISPs to roll out fibre to the 25 to 30 per cent of the country that Carter has said will miss out because it is currently economically unviable.

Let’s move on to one of the big winners of Digital Britain ­ BT, and in particular its Openreach division. Ofcom is already consulting on proposals that would give Openreach control of those green cabinets you see located on most streets.

Openreach is the organisation that will be connecting up ISPs who want to roll out next-generation connectivity to your house. However, its record for doing the same for businesses in the UK leaves a lot to be desired, according to some ISPs I have talked to.

The main issue is a lack of transparency when it comes to connection charges. You can sign up to BT Wholesale for fibre connections, and then later down the line get hit by Openreach charges for connecting that fibre.

And some of these charges are no laughing matter. An ISP I spoke to recently had a nasty surprise after it checked out how much a fibre connection would cost in a large city centre. “You can use the BT Wholesale pricing tool and come back with a nice figure that looks very good, but when you order it, Openreach comes back with extremely high additional costs indicating excess construction charges,” said my source.

“Look at the charge for drilling a hole,” he added. “More than £300! What type of drills are they using ­ gold-plated ones, badged by Armani?”

You get the picture by now, but remember the government and Ofcom has conceded that BT has to make a return on its investment; the question is ­ just how much? If the Openreach charges relating to connecting up fibre for businesses are any indication, ISPs, and that includes BT Wholesale, should prepare to get stiffed big time.

So instead of dreaming about a Britain with state-of-the-art network infrastructure, I’m reminded more of the Ellen Ripley character in the Alien movies. In the last film of the series, Alien Resurrection, Ripley is once again trying to rid the universe of the bio-mechanoid killing machines. At one point she’s chatting to the obligatory android and says: “I don’t dream any more.” When asked why, she answers: “Because however bad the nightmares get, when I wake up ­ the reality is always worse.”

Ring any bells?

Wednesday, 01 July 2009

Digital USA - $7bn broadband handouts from Obama, but no takers

A report in the Wall Street Journal that the Obama administration will be shovelling out $7.2bn for stimulating broadband rollout looks to be another case of the US showing the UK how things should be done.

But, hang on a minute – none of the big US carriers such as Verizon, AT&T and Comcast have started to fill out the forms for this cash bonanza.

The reason looks to be the US communications regulator applying a shedload of red tape to the contracts and putting profit-sapping restrictions on network connections built with the funds.

On this side of the pond, UK regulator Ofcom and BT have already shaken on the deal, and allowed BT to make a good “return on its investment” for rolling out optical-fibre connectivity for high-speed, 100Mbit/s-plus connections.

So it looks like a tale of two countries, with the US carriers begging for Ofcoms approach to regulate future government “broadband stimulus”, and BT saying “not in my backyard” to the fiscal strictures being applied to US carriers if they bring their wheelbarrows along for some broadband funds.

As Joe Brown once sang – "What a crazy world we're living in!"

By Dave Bailey

Monday, 15 June 2009

Digital Britain – finally

Tomorrow afternoon in a building designed by Scottish neo-classical architect Robert Adam, close to Charing Cross railway station, Lord Carter of Barnes will rise to his feet and deliver the final Digital Britain report.

RSA House is the venue for the report's final disclosure. However, Lord Carter is still working on the implementation plan which will fill in the detail about exactly how all the mission statements will be delivered – the who and when – and hopefully the how much.

I'll be at the event, and I would like to think I'm going to hear something amazing tomorrow, that Carter will blow everybody out of the water with a succession of stunning announcements designed to move the UK's communications infrastructure into the 21st century. So, are we going to get visionary thinking from Lord Carter - or a point release of January's interim Digital Britain report plus small tinkerings at the edge?

The big problem for Carter is that he's hamstrung by the government's aversion to stumping up a serious amount of folding drink vouchers to deliver the proper digital IT infrastructure needed by the UK to compete effectively with our global competitors.

At the last forum organised to discuss Digital Britain, Gordon Brown took the stage and said: "We can't leave this to chance." Unfortunately I suspect that is precisely what will happen after tomorrow's announcement - Brown will be leaving the country at the mercy of Lady Luck, and if his recent luck is anything to go by, that doesn't bode well for the digital future of the UK.

By Dave Bailey

Friday, 22 May 2009

Smart meters lead to powerful communication challenges

As well as putting meter readers out of work, the government’s plans to install smart meters to remotely monitor every household’s gas and electricity use by 2020 may hit other snags.

Neither Whitehall mandarins nor the utility companies have yet outlined how they plan to pull off this ambitious project, preferring to muse on the potential reduction in the average household’s bills and national carbon footprint.

Smart metering works by replacing existing meters with equivalent devices that are able to transmit data about customer use to a central office via a communications network.

That network can be wired or wireless. Existing schemes use cellular GPRS and SMS communications, for example, which is unlucky for those living in areas with no reliable mobile phone signal.

Network transmission based on Wi-Fi, WiMax and other licensed and unlicensed radio wavebands is being explored, and there are wired alternatives such as analogue modems (dial-up over PSTN), broadband, and power line communication (PLC) where the electricity supply cable carries data.

Electricity supplier First Utility, which says it has already provided smart meters to more than 10,000 households in London, uses PLC, GPRS, SMS, PSTN and low-power radio (pagers).

The suppliers hope that, somehow, every household ­ even if they are halfway up a mountain where no existing phone or broadband operator offers a service ­ will be able to get their smart meter connected to head office one way or another.

The biggest winners are the electricity and gas companies, which get to remove a substantial part of their expenditure on the engineers who currently come out to read our existing meters.

And with so much consumption information at their fingertips, suppliers also get to match supply more closely to generation. So they know in advance when to deliver additional capacity in busy periods, and slow down supply at other times, and negotiate the best wholesale price accordingly.

So far there is nothing to suggest these private firms will be duty bound to pass on opex savings to consumers in the form of lower prices. Even then, only those with smart meters may benefit.

For those in deadspots, the traditional method of billing may continue, effectively creating a two-tier utility pricing system. Those living where smart meters work might get lower-cost power – ­ those who don’t could pay a premium.

By Martin Courtney

Monday, 16 March 2009

Lord Carter’s Digital Rights Agency - Straw Man or Wicker Man?

Last Friday, Digital Britain supremo Lord Carter unveiled a Digital Rights Agency (DRA) “straw man”, inviting public views as to whether it should be, “torched, tolerated or a touchstone for the start point of constructive debate and design."

The responses should address what role any DRA, “should play in protecting and promoting the legal use of copyright content online, and how industry, consumer groups and government can work together to create an environment where investment in creativity is rewarded,” said Carter.

However, it looks like the two main points in the punt for public comment are: who exactly is going to fund this agency, and who will have the clout to legally enforce any decisions the DRA needs to pronounce on. And does it become an independent industry body with back-up legal powers held by Ofcom? Presumably Lord Carter will pronounce more authoritatively in the final Digital Britain report due in the summer, but this particular “straw man” consultation will end on 30 March.

Coincidentally, anybody watching ITV1 the night before the unveiling of the DRA proposal, would have seen that classic British horror film The Wicker Man, with Edward Woodward’s god-fearing police officer uncovering pagan rituals and other shenanigans on a Scottish Isle while investigating a missing person.

One of the “other shenanigans” involves being tempted by Britt Eckland dancing naked in the room next to the one Woodward is trying to sleep in. I suspect Lord Carter has yet to be similarly tempted, but he should know that Woodward, the government’s official in that film, ends up being burnt alive in a 60 foot high wicker man at the end of the movie.

Lord Carter is unlikely to suffer the same fate, but the proposals for any DRA just might.

By Dave Bailey

Friday, 13 February 2009

A right Royal IT mess

When London’s Royal Free hospital admitted that its new medical records system had been failing patients, it came as no surprise to me.

The chief executive of the hospital, Andrew Way, said his staff had been disappointed with the IT system and its implementation had meant a large amount of inefficiency and fewer patients being seen.

I experienced the hospital’s troubles first-hand a few months ago and wrote an article about it at the time, only we chose not to name the hospital then - I did not want to look as though I was abusing my position as a journalist to make a complaint.

But now this is out in the open and the problems have been acknowledged by the hospital boss I thought I’d point out some of the Royal Free’s main problems – based on my experience.

For example, the accident and emergency department is not on the same integrated IT booking system as the rest of the hospital and the different departments that scan patients are not linked up with each other.

A doctor even told me to keep my own records if I wanted the doctors to be informed before they treated me.

It is clear these hospital difficulties have been ongoing so when will these problems be sorted?

Reports leaked out as far back as August 2008 of board level meeting minutes from the Royal Free indicating the June rol-out of the Cerner Millennium Care Records Service was not going well and appointments and records were being lost in the system.

The Cerner software was being installed by BT, which in 2003 won a £993m contract to build a care records system throughout the NHS, also known as the NHS Spine.

The minutes discussed the possibility of legal action against BT. A spokesman from BT Health said no action has yet been taken and when I wrote my column in November the Royal Free said it was too early to comment on what might happen, but that as a result of technical difficulties with the Cerner system, a programme was being set up with its local service provider BT, Cerner, and the London Programme for Information Technology to address the issues.

“While not all technical problems have been resolved, the programme to address these issues is progressing,” said a hospital spokeswoman in an email.

It is now clear this programme did not progress quickly enough.

By Rosalie Marshall

Wednesday, 07 January 2009

The political battle for broadband

David Cameron's recent statement on fibre-optic broadband as part of a speech he made on Monday may seem as though it differentiates the Conservatives from the Labour Party in its approach to next-generation broadband rollout. It doesn't.

Labour isn't advocating a massive state-funded rollout of fibre-optic broadband connectivity to people's homes – and neither are the Conservatives. Ironically, this is one thing both parties seem to agree on.

"I am not talking about massive state-financed investment - that would be extremely expensive for the taxpayer and it would also risk stifling the innovation that comes from private sector competition," said Cameron, a statement perfectly in alignment with what Labour proposed through the Caio report, and what Ofcom has been saying all along.

You have to laugh at the “private sector competition” part of the speech though. Remember it was the “Chingford skinhead” himself – Norman Tebbit - at the time Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, who was chiefly involved in privatising BT.

Had Tebbit separated BT from its exchanges, thereby introducing proper competition into the market, then maybe the fibre-optic network both Conservative and Labour are hoping will be rolled out by the private sector, would already be here.

What about global competition? Well, "when it comes to investing in next-generation broadband networks, we're doing very badly compared to countries like Germany, Japan and America," Cameron informed us. Actually, compared to Latvia and Estonia – we're doing very badly. These countries are trendsetters compared to the UK – having a massive 0.99 per cent of their population connected fibre-optically!

As a by-product of a rush into fibre-optic broadband, we would be spared Samuel L. Jackson - or Master Windu as he's known to Star Wars fans - continually informing us of Virgin Media's fibre-optic “Mother of all broadband” - which is actually delivered into your house from the street cabinet over co-axial cable and not fibre-optically

Thursday, 04 December 2008

Data watchdog must prepare to be hounded

The new powers awarded to the Information Commissioner recently have been well trailed by the government for more than a year. Indeed, they were trotted out as a response every time the government suffered another data loss, as if a more powerful commissioner would be some sort of panacea. It won’t.

I am often asked why I think government data losses ­ not exactly scintillating stories ­ have become the stuff of headlines.

The answer is threefold.

First, HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC). The loss of 25 million child benefit records was a huge blow for the government and undermined Gordon Brown’s carefully crafted image as a safe pair of hands. If the hands are not safe, and their owner was presiding over an increasingly authoritarian government, this was a worrying chain of events.

The media love a narrative in the vein of “recent event illustrates larger problem” and here they have a story that will run and run.

Second, ID cards. However much the government tries to bill this initiative as a new type of passport, the public remain unconvinced.

The ID card scheme is stuck between a rock and a hard place. ID cards play into the left-wing media’s concerns over the erosion of civil liberties and the right-wing media’s concerns over a growing nanny state. The success of the Conservatives in linking every data loss story to the theoretical vulnerability of the National Identity Register has added grist to the mill.

Which brings us to the third reason: David Davis. By making opposition to the growing “database state” a tenet of his by-election campaign the former shadow home secretary helped keep data loss in the headlines.

One result of all this media attention is the profile of the Information Commissioner. Current incumbent Richard Thomas found himself thrust into the limelight ­ and after years of calling for stronger powers he now has them.

Opinions are mixed on Thomas’s reign. He comes from a legal background in a field that is becoming increasingly dominated by technology. Recently his office has suffered a huge backlog of cases as well as staffing problems, with many of the commission’s lawyers leaving.

But nobody could claim that data protection has not risen up the news agenda under Thomas’s stewardship.

However, his yet-to-be-appointed successor, due to take over in June 2009, will have a different job to the one Thomas inherited. The job will be more politicised, it will become the object of more media focus, and the new commissioner will be expected to keep government use of personal information in check.

Whoever is appointed must be up to speed with technology ­ many think somebody from an IT background would be suitable.

But just how much will the Information Commissioner’s powers help solve the government data loss problem?

Changing the culture of government will be no mean feat, especially at a time when technology is enabling more information sharing. Even though the fines that can be levied have increased, they are still a token gesture. What really matters is the adverse publicity of a data breach.

The national media is far more attuned to incidents of data loss than ever before, so the Information Commissioner can make an enormous splash through a carefully timed press release. And that means political paymasters will be keeping a gimlet-eyed lookout on the commissioner’s activities.

Instead of struggling to raise the profile of data protection, as Richard Thomas had to do, it seems more likely that the next commissioner will face more of a challenge keeping some distance from politicians from all sides.

By Tom Young

Thursday, 09 October 2008

Confusion reigns over government IT responsibility

Let's take a waltz through central government.

It's great to see IT issues being taken seriously in Whitehall – or not. Ministerial responsibility for IT has been split three ways by new business secretary Peter Mandelson - between Stephen Carter, Ian Pearson and Pat Mcfadden within the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (BERR) as part of the latest Cabinet reshuffle.

Broadly Carter is covering IT services and ISPs, Ian Pearson looks after WEEE compliance and Pat Mcfadden is responsible for transformational government, according to the BERR press release.

Interesting to see BERR has taken responsibility for transformational government – a huge project that will see government sharing systems and moving its services online.

Except - according to the Cabinet Office - they haven't. "Tom Watson is still minister for transformational government and responsibilities for the programme remains within the Cabinet Office," said a spokesman.

So what's Mcfadden got to do with it? Nobody within BERR seems to know. "We're still outlining briefs," said a spokesman.

It doesn't help that to get the direct line of Pat Mcfadden's press officer, the BERR web site tells me I have to refer to the IPO Whitebook.

The Central Office of Information tells me I can get a copy of the Whitebook/IPO directory by writing to: The White Book, PO Box 2004, Burgess Hill, West Sussex. RH15 8WU.

Except it’s only published twice a year, so by the time I get hold of it most of the numbers – let alone ministerial responsibilities - will be out of date.

Oh yes, and I have to send them a cheque for £20. To get the phone number of someone whose wages we (the taxpayer) pay so I can find out what someone else whose wages we (the taxpayer) pay is actually being paid to do (by us).

So far, so transparent. Let's look closer at Pearson's brief.

He's responsible for "waste electrical and electronic equipment issues".

So that's compliance with the WEEE directive then. Which was previously the responsibility of the Environment Agency, a Non-Departmental Public Body of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).

Except according to the Environment Agency it still is their responsibility. Them and local councils.

Defra itself is being split as part of the same reshuffle, with the "environment" part going to the Department of Energy and Climate Change along with responsibilities for energy, which came from BERR, bringing us nicely full circle. Although Defra will still be responsible for "adaptation" to climate change. Obviously.

It's enough to make the most hard-core socialist turn in desperation to unfettered capitalism. Oh no…not much joy there either.

Broadband must be a spending priority

Reading Google evangelist Vint Cerf’s blog the other day, with its description of the “next-generation internet”, I wondered just where he keeps those rose-tinted spectacles, and what kind of crystal ball he uses. Certainly not one of those all-seeing, future-revealing palantirs featured in Lord of the Rings. After reaching the end of Vint’s treatise on Web 3.0, I half expected him to say, “the lion shall lay down with the lamb and we will all live happily ever after.”

One of the funnier parts of Vint’s sermon on the mount was this little gem: “A box of washing machine soap will become part of a service as internet-enabled washing machines are managed by web-based services that can configure and activate your washing machine.”

Give me a break ­ so when I load up my machine, I’ll be logging on to the Daz web site to pick the best programme to get out all the sweat and grime from my clothes after a hard day’s toil in the Computing labs? I think not.

However, next-generation applications will at some point require next-generation access and that means optical fibre. But before you start consuming those high-bandwidth applications over the “next web”, you will need to be in one of those areas due to have fibre rolled out.

So it wasn’t much of a surprise when BT announced that it would fund a £1.5bn rollout of fibre ­ but only to those lucky enough to be in the right place. It would probably add another five per cent to the value of your house ­ once the dust settles on the current economic turbulence.

BT’s move into optical fibre rollouts was probably driven by looking over its hefty shoulder at what some of the smaller carriers such as H2O Networks and Geo were doing. H2O Networks has already rolled out fibre to Bournemouth, with Northampton and Dundee next on the list.

Surveying the state of global fibre rollouts, it looks as if the UK’s aspiration to be a leader in the information economy of the future is stuck on the hard shoulder of the information superhighway.

To address this situation, the government commissioned a report on how the UK should deal with the problem. Francesco Caio recently delivered that report, which concluded that the UK should stop short of a massive splurge of cash from central government and instead encourage the private sector to invest where it saw fit.

The problem is that the private sector wants to be sure of a decent return on investment (ROI) before it commits, and seems unconvinced that Joe Public would put their hands in their pockets to pay to have a fibre connection.

The UK’s communications regulator, Ofcom, also believes that firms ought to be allowed a decent return on risky investments and has said that it will put in place a regulatory framework to that end.

But is it that risky? Quocirca communications analyst Rob Bamforth recently said that these new services could be extremely viral. For instance, a new “super” Facebook application, perhaps allowing high-definition video calls across the network, could swamp current network capacity if take-up rocketed. BT’s future cash cow might not lie in rolling out fibre connections, but in backhauling fibre connections that it says it would offer other ISPs wanting to join in. Would Ofcom cull such an animal, or consider it a “decent return”?

A comprehensive optical fibre rollout for all UK citizens is too critical to be left to somebody whose main motive is ROI. If we can dish out billions for nuclear submarines, aircraft carriers, the Olympics and bailing out failed banks, surely something like this ­ which would have far more effect on the economic wellbeing of our country ­ needs to be funded properly. Can we afford to gamble with the future competitiveness of the UK in this way? Answers on a postcard.

By Dave Bailey


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